Information about the user-visible changes to the Raven service following the introduction of the Raven OAuth2 service
User-visible changes
As we enable the use of 2SV using Google Cloud Identity in the Raven ecosystem, various bits of Google-branded UI may start to appear as users sign in to Raven protected sites.
For example, a user who has not previously signed in yet using Google Cloud Identity will be presented with a welcome screen:
This screen is intended to inform the user that what they have may look like an ordinary Google account and act like an ordinary Google account but that it is managed by UIS under the University Google Cloud Identity inside G Suite@Cambridge.
The first time a user signs into a Raven OAuth2 protected application, Google Cloud Identity will ask for explicit consent to share their name, email address and profile picture with the application:
This is similar to the existing "attribute release" page which is shown by Raven SAML 2.0 on first sign in to a new site.
Unlike the existing Raven SAML 2.0 service, users can withdraw their consent to share data with Raven OAuth2 applications via the Google account management portal.
Overview of Google Cloud Identity 2SV
Google Cloud Identity 2SV provides support for the following second factors:
- A FIDO2 compatible hardware security key. Examples include: YubiKey, Titan Security Key and the Adafruit Security Key.
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A prompt on a compatible mobile Internet-connected device.
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Time-based one-time password (TOTP) via any app or password manager that supports TOTP QR codes. Examples include: Google Authenticator, FreeOTP, 1Password and Authy.
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An SMS message (aka a "text"), delivered to a mobile telephone.
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A voice call to a telephone.
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A hardware security key built into a compatible Android device.
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A call to a pre-configured "backup" telephone.
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A single-use "backup code" generated previously via the Google account management portal. Users unwilling to use any other second factor may maintain a store of backup codes to use when signing in.
We have already enabled Google Cloud Identity 2SV for Raven OAuth2 protected applications. Early adopters have the option to self-enroll in 2SV by signing in to Google with their "@cam.ac.uk" email address and following instructions provided by Google.
Once you have enabled your account for 2SV, you will get an email confirmation similar to the following:
For particularly sensitive users, we have the option of enrolling them in Google’s Advanced Protection Programme which adds additional layers of account protection.
Data protection and privacy
The University’s Information Compliance Office has reviewed and approved various standard Data Protection documents issued by Google which cover the use of 2SV within the University. These include model contract clauses and a Data Protection Amendment on the use of Google as a data processor.
The 2SV integration offered by Google is part of their Google Cloud Identity product which is part of the wider G Suite service. Google details their compliance with Data Protection legislation and associated certifications in a dedicated whitepaper on G Suite security. They also publish a list of third-party sub-processors for G Suite.
Portions of the Raven ecosystem exist in Google Cloud. Google Cloud and Google Cloud Identity are separate products. Compliance information for Google Cloud and an associated Privacy Shield certificate is available. All Google Cloud resources used for Raven are located in UK or EU-based data centres and are subject to UK Data Protection legislation or local legislation implementing the EU GDPR.
Google will be processing data relating to 2SV which includes personally identifying data appropriate to your choice of second factor. For example in order to "remember a trusted device" for 2SV, Google will be recording information sufficient to identify your device. Precisely what data is recorded by Google depends on your choice of second factor but it will at a minimum include your CRSid.
Google Cloud Identity will not be handling Raven passwords when we enable Google Cloud Identity 2SV. Parts of the Raven password-handling infrastructure may be hosted within Google Cloud. UIS can ensure the geographic region of Google Cloud hosted infrastructure and has access to auditing infrastructure which alerts us if a Google employee needs to access any of our data hosted in Google Cloud. For particularly sensitive data we can ensure that Google cannot access data at rest.
History and motivation
There is a long-established Cyber Security, Identity and Access Management programme running within the UIS. As part of this programme we have been investigating methods by which sign-in to email may be protected with 2SV.
For the past year, as part of a pilot, we had been running an alpha test of 2SV for Raven SAML 2.0, a portion of the Raven ecosystem. This alpha test made use of technology offered by Duo Security, a third-party 2SV provider.
The alpha test of Duo has come to an end. We're now commencing an alpha test of Google Cloud Identity’s 2-step verification.
For this alpha test, Google Cloud Identity will be integrated with a new Raven OAuth2 service. As a result, users may encounter some or all of the user-visible changes presented in this document.
Last updated: 11 January 2022